Navi

=Notes from today= Yotam achaz chizkiyahu Minashe Amon Yoshiyahu Yihoachaz Yihoyakim (Eliyakim) Yihoyachin Tzidkiyahu (matanyah) gidaliya
 * Yishayahu 722
 * Reformation
 * 622 torah was found (we don’t know if reformation was bfore or after)
 * killed by paraoh neco because they were trying to side with ashur.
 * The people’s morale was destroyed they were so good and now their king dies
 * Taken captive by paraoh
 * Appointed by paraoh
 * 605 battle of har chamish bavel takes over and now he is their vassal
 * yirmiayhu says don’t rebel and he wears the yoke
 * 601 rebells and leads to galut cheiresh omazkir
 * Next king but baevl takes him and exiles him and appoints tzidkiyahu
 * Pupet but ten refuses to listen because of nivei sheker
 * 594 its over when he forms a coolition
 * yichezkel begins to talk in 592

= - Updated= =Review Sheet:= http://frisch.org/Data/UploadedFiles/Assign_Doc/26492a-P.pdf

= 9/7/10 = Yirmiyahu 1:1-7

Who – yirmiyahu, chilkiyahu What- yirmiyahus mission is to talk to the people. His job is how to avert the destruction of the beit hamikdash. A diaspora navi. When – pasuk bet-gimel (yoshiyahu to tzidkiyahu) and **malbim**- see malbim below Where – anatot (city of kohanim) in the land of binyamin Why - How- many different speeches visisons prophecies, oonkelus says pitgamim

chilkiyahu was his father who was also a navi and he found a torah in the days of yoshiyahu. They didn’t know what it meant so they went to a prophet, chuldah, but she said it was a bad situation. Yoshiyahu thought that the people were good but they really weren’t

__Malbim__- the first three pasukim of a sefer is an overview 1) the type of book it is such as mashal tochecha etc or is it told like a narrative or a dry boring way. Yirmiyahu starts with the word divrei which teaches us that there will be visions, prophecy, stories, tochachot · answers “what” “how” 2) teaches us who the author is. We know that Yirmiyahu is rich because a kohen gadol has to so they are sued to money and they don’t get freaked out by it. 3) we learn about the place where he comes from which is anatot. We know that the people in anatot have a lot of yirat Hashem (which might be the reason why people make fun of them). He is from the kohanim from biniyamin and not from yirushaayim which is good so he won’t recognize people and fear people or takes bribes from them. He won’t support Yirushalayim because he lives there but he will do it for a real reason 4) he gets his knowledge from his sichel, bichina, and other works but most of his words are from nivuah 5) there were three different eras that Yirmiyahu prophecized during they are based on the status of the people changing and the types of kings. During yoshiyahu he and his generation were good. That is why it said that 13th year because that was the time that yoshiya became a bal tishuva so Yirmiyahu started propecizing then. During yehoyakim the people were good but the king was bad. The third time was until the 12th year of tzidkiyahu when the people were bad and the king is good. Yirmiyahus nevuah was the same level the entire time and it remained strong even if the eras weren’t so strong. By the time of galut yerushalyim most of his propecies come true an his visions get worse.

rashi- rabbi shlomo yitzchaki,1040-1105, france radak – david kimchi, 1160-1235, provence mitzudot-david ben shlomo ibn zimra, 1479-1573, spain tzaft malbim – meir livsh ben yichiel michal, 1809-1879, eastern europe (russia, romania etc)

names, years, place

introduction- 1-10 first prophecy (almond tree)- 11-12 second prophecy (bubling pot) 13- 19

why did Yirmiyahu refuse to be a navi and why would Hashem pick him I fhe is so young.

It is diffeent from yishyahus because yrmiyahu didn’t want t be a navi but Yishayahu did. they were both touche din teri mouths but uishahu with a coal and because ehe was bad and yirmyahu with hashems hand so he will have the koach to speak. Hashehem tells yishyahu the people will be stubborn but he tells Yirmiyahu he as apponted to destroy tehisngadn overthrow but then build and plant.

9/13/10 achaz made a treaty with ashur so they wouldn’t be captured so that is why ashur initially didn’t try and capture yehuda.

Bi’eetah/ achishena At its predestined time/ faster

We don’t know when moshiach will come Achishena is a more comfortable experience and beita is Armageddon.

There are many styls in yimiyahu which we learn from the word divrei __Onkelus__- divrei is pitgamei- sayings/proverbs/one liner.

Yirmiyahu prophesized starting from the thirteenth year of yoshiyahu through yehoyakim until the 11th year of tzidkiyahu until the exile.

9/14/10 · ~1000 o shlomo builds the 1st beit hamikdash · 10 tribes/2 tribes split · 722 o exile of 10 tribes o ashur rules with ninveh as capital (sefer yonah) · 609 o nubuchadnezzar started to rul · 586 o destruction of beit mikdash II · 539 o koresh declaration o persia ruled · purim (?) · 516 o 2nd beit hamikdash completed o sefer ezra and niviim are chagai zicharia, malachi · purim (?) · 165 o greece rules o chanuka · herod fixes beit hamikdash · 70 CE o Rome ruled · 300 o rabbi yiehuda hanasi ruled · 1948 o US and UK rule

chuf daled :Pasuk chet Many bad thisngw ill happen and Bnai yisrale will be exiled for 70 years (after the rue of bavel) How do we know its bavel and not 70 years from eth destruction? Pasuk yud bet says kimilot, when it is fulfilled and this entire prophecy is abotumalchut bavel.

9/15/10 aicha- written by Yirmiyahu during the destruction of the beit hamikdash. 3:26 it is good for someone who should quietly wait for the salvation of Hashem and bear the yoke of his youth. He will be alone like his life is hanging in front of him. if you bring your mouth to the ground maybe there will be hope. You will hit your enimies on their cheek and

according to the gemara chagigah pasuk chuf tet “olai yesh tikvah”are the saddest words in all of tanach. Why are they so sad? He said maybe there’s hope not //there is// hope. Even as a navi he is unclear. He is asking Bnai Yisrael if they have hope even if all is lost. Maybe things won’t become good but their attitudes will. This is the feeling that Yirmiyahu has post churban.

Breakdown of the perek 1-7 = inauguration of Yirmiyahu 8- 10 11-end

pasuk 4- before Hashem created Yirmiyahu Hashem knew (yadah) what his destiny was and loved (yadah) him (this gives him confidence) and Hashem separated him to make him a”navi lagoyim” why was he a navi for the other nations also? __Rashi__- Bnai Yisrael acted like the other nations, he will prophesize for a long time like Moshe and different generations and other nations also knew him.

Yirmiyahu says that he is too young to be a navi. What doe sit mean that he is a naar __Rashi__- Moshe was 80 years old before he spoke to Bnai Yisrael but Yirmiyahu is just a teenager. __Abarbinel__- he thinks that he isn’t mature enough to speak in front of everyone and he is afraid. __Radak__- Yirmiyahu doesn’t know what to say or how to say it he is inexperienced. shmuel was also a na’ar but he was near people when he was young so he learned what was sin and what was bad.

10/4/10 in pasuk vuv Yirmiyahu rejects Hashem because he is a young kid.

By rejecting Hashem because of a speech issue he is like Moshe. Hashem said that he cant reject Him and he will do everything He says. HE says that Yirmiyahu will be saved which shows us that something bad will happen to him in the future. Hashem touches his mouth and inaugurates him.

Hashem says that he will be appointed on other nations and the kingship to uproot, break, lose, burn and to build and plant.

The words in the pasukim are weird that say lintosh,lintos,lihabid, liharos, livnot, olintoa.

Yirmiyahu 18:7-10 · They are going to be destroyed but if they do tishuva they don’t have to be destroyed o The destruction is dependent on the people “ “ “ 31:26-27 · the bad has happened and since it came true the rebuilding has to come true too. · This is like the story with rabbi akiva when he laughs that there are wolves on har habayit but he says that was a nivuah and that came true so this will come true too.

Vision One · Yirmiyahu sees an almond branch. The almond is already there which shows that the flower already passed. This shows him that the destruction isn’t in the future it is now the almond isn’t blossoming it is here. Yishyahu saw the stick before anything was blossoming as Assyria attacking Jews. · Shaked means to happen fast because it represents the end stage of the blossoming. · We had an almond stick after korach which represented that aharon was the real kohen. This could be connected to Yirmiyahu that shows that he is the real navi and he is unlike the other niviim who were naviei sheker. It gives him confidence that he could do things.

Yirmiyahu’s writing style is lower and not as poetic __Abarbinel__- it is like that because he wrote the book as it happened and it is lesser at the beginning because he is young and it gets better as it went on. __Malbim__- he wrote the book after and he was just ill educated and he was from anatot so he didn’t speak well. __Weiss__- many people wanted to kill Yirmiyahu so he was always running and therefore he didn’t have time to write it really well.

Vision Two · This is the second vision but might be a continuation and not necessarily separate · There is a boiling pot and the part that’s swelling is the northern part. Hashem says that the enemies will come from the north. · Bavel is the new nation · Hashem will speak mishpat to the people by the northerners is this harsh mishpat or not o Hashem says that his assessment will begin now to see how bad the shpat will be. · __Mitzudat david 14__- the cover represents the siege that bavel emplaces on Yirushalayim and when the cover is taken off Bnai Yisrael are exiled.

25:29 · it says that “kol yoshvei haaretz” will be hurt just like the pasuk in perek 1

__rashi 12 “heytevet”__- the almond branch is quick to blossom its flower before other trees. So too will the words that Hashem is saying will happen quickly. It takes 3 weeks for the almond branch to go from flower to almond. Just as from shiva asar bitamuz to tisha baav is 3 weeks from siege to destruction.

17-19 Yirmiyahu speak to Bnai Yisrael and don’t be afraid of them. Hashem is making him into a walled city, an iron column and a bronze wall

10/6/10 the point of the pot bubbling only in one location, the north shows that the enemy can only come from the north. That means that the enemy will be bavel and not mitzrayim and Bnai Yisrael no longer have to fear mitzrayim.

15 Bavel is just the hand of Hashem at work its not bavels fault that they are attacking Hashem just with mitzrayim and us as slaves. The pasuk says that the babalonians will sit by the gates which is where the beit din is. If bavel is now in charge of the beit din they can judge how harshly they attack Bnai Yisrael.

16 the pasuk is a hadragah of kal-kaved, they d the easier thing first and then the harder one. It goes fro leaving Hashem to worshipping other gods to worshiping themselves.

17 don’t fear yehuda and I will cut them down in front of you.

10/11/10 Hashem says “al tichat mipnehem” and if you do I will cut you donw before them. It seems like Hashem is threatening Yirmiyahu is He?

__Radak__- if Yirmiyahu fears them it means he doesn’t trust Hashem and if he doesn’t trust Hashem then Hashem won’t protect him. This is a theological problem and Hashem will chop him down · (When yaakov was meeting esav it said “vayira lo miod viyitzar lo” it is kaful lashon of fear. Malbim says the first part was lest he be killed and the second part is that he is afraid himself. · It is also like mitzrayim when they got to the yam suf they said that hahshem took them out of mitzrayim just to get stuck there but one of them should have showed no fear and jumped in)

__Malbim-__don’t flatter the nation because it makes him seem weaker to them and then they will chop him down. This is a problem with him and the nation.

wjhat do we have to know about the 6 words and is it chronological

24 books of tanach beraishit shemot vayikra- nadav and avihu dying, laws of kohanim bamidbar- miraglim, korach divarim- Moshe dies, yehoshua takes over

yehoshua- yarden, yericho shoftim- shimshon, divora shmuel- chafni pinchas, amalek malachim- david dies, beit hamikdash _ yishyahu- his inauguration, ashur is the superpower Yirmiyahu- churban yerushlayim, bavel superpower Yichezkel- lived during yirmiyahus time period, lives in bavel Trei asar- 12 mini naviim (not less important but they are not less important, 300 years, chagai, zicharia, malachi.) Shir hashirim- pesach, shlomo Rut- shavout, shmuel Eicha- tisha baav, yirmiyahu Kohelet- suot, shlomo Esther- purim, esther and mordechai

Test- section 1 · 24 books · II o Timeline § Know in order don’t need to know dates · III o Matching pasukim to inferences · IV o Short answers (unseens) · V o Essay (not this test) Know diff btw radak and malbim but not naar

Ashur is in charge Yirmiyahu prophecizes to malchei yehuda only

Chart on other inaugurations.

Yud chet is dependent clause of the 6 words and lamed daled is chrnological.

Questions 2a. yoshiyahu broke all of the avoda zarah things and the matzeivot. Anything to do with avoda zarah was destroyed. 2b. yoshiyahu was killed by pharoah

3a yohoyachaz ruled after yoshiyahu for 3 months and his other name was elyakim 3b. he did bad things in Hashem’s eyes.

10/18/10 oziyahu,yotam, achaz, chizkiyahu, minashe, amon, yoshiyahu, yehoyakim

most mipharshim say that perek bet is about the time right before yoshiyahu because of ammon and moav.

Perek bet pasukim 1-3 This is a continuation of perek aleph. We know this because pasuk aleph is the same as when Hashem talks in perek aleph. It also has to match the tone of pasuk aleph. Chazal also continue these three pasukim in the first haftarah after shiva asar bitamuz.

Pasuk 2-3 is how Bnai Yisrael were good in the past. “chesed niorayich ahavat kilulatayich” is a tikbolet nirdefet

according to the pshat it seems to say that Bnai Yisrael followed Hashem in the midbar and showed love to him then.

__Rashi__- if they want to do tishuva then Hashem would have a desire to show mercy to them by remembering their youth and “entrance to the chupah”. The entrance was when they followed Hashem in the midbar and they didn’t have food for the way.

__Radak__- it was the love of the avot

__Shadal__- chesed is used as the giver of love and chein is for the receiver of love. Hashem loved us when we are young and he had to tell us that we had a problem. You could only call chesed between man and man and god and man but not man to Hashem.

yes. (you were good now your not) || Ahavat kilulatayich || Blind faith in Hashem Nioreiyich- the monotheists started the religion || yes. (you were good now your not)/ you still have zichot avot || * it is tochecha and emunah
 * || Mi li’mi || Chesed || maduah || Fit into context (proof from pasuk) ||
 * rashi || Bn”Y à Hashem || Lichatecha achar **bamidbar** || Emunah || *
 * Radak || Avot à hashem || Anshei chesed/
 * Shad”al || Hashem à Bn”Y || Zicharti licha chesed || Because he loves us || Yes. It proves that Hashem constantly gives to us and we will be punished but we won’t be destroyed ||
 * Rav yosef krah ||  ||   ||   ||   ||

__malbim “vayehi”__-

1. Which פרשן has a totally different explanation? How is it different? 2. How does חסד נעוריך seem to parallel ירמיהו ‘s words, כי נער אנכי ? 3. See הושע ו : ז. Does it contradict שד " ל ? 4. What seems to be the strengths/weaknesses for each פרוש ? (Pay attention to the layout of the פסוק, as  well as the context of the פרק .)  5. Why do you think these פסוקים are included in the הפטרה ?  6. (optional-if you read through the קר " א approach) Does רב יוסף קרא seem to agree with רד " ק or שד " ל or does he seem to take a new approach? Explain.

1. The shadal seems to have a very different approach than the rest of the mipharshim. He says that it is about Hashem’s love to Bnai Yisrael not the other way around 2. They are both about a naar. The word naar is there for a purpose and teaches Yirmiyahu. The youthful part of emunah is uncorrupted and therefore Yirmiyahu is the best person for the job. This is also for the people to show that Hashem wants to go back to the utopia and the “young” nation and Yirmiyahu represents that. 3. the pasuk seems to imply that Hashem desires chesed and not korbanot. which seems to go against the position of Shadal. 4. Rashi seems to be the most correct because it talks about the midbar in the pasuk. However, Bnai Yisrael did complain in the midbar so they didn’t follow Hashem blindly. Radak is also pretty good because avraham followed Hashem blindly in the desert to Eretz Canaan and the land wasn’t planted for any of the avot. However, Bnai Yisrael in the midbar seems to fit in the best. The grammar of the pasuk makes the Shadal look wrong because it seems to be talking about Bnai Yisrael’s chesed and youth. 5. either way it continues the theme from perek aleph. The focus of the perek is Yirmiyahu he needs incentive to do it. Hashem is saying that he still loves us even if he punishes us. It is like parents sending their kid to rehab the parents still love the kids and they send them to rehab to make the kid better. (this is accroding to shadal) radak- you still have zichot avt and you might not be destroyed totally rashi- this is part of the rebuke.

__Malbim__- Hashem is saying that we will get punished but the punishment proves that he loves us. he wants us to get better it is constructive criticism. He will also eventually take away the reigns of the punisher. The chesed is two ways. Hashem starts the chesed (when he asked us to be his nation) and we returned it when we said naaseh vinishmah and fell in love with Hashem.

1. yoshiya ruled after amon for 31 years. He was 8 when he became king 2. he did everything that Hashem wanted and he was compared to David 3. chilkiyah was the kohen gadol. He found a book (the torah). · Amon and minashe closed the beit hamikdash. In milachim it said that they sfound the torah and then did tishuva and in divrei hayamim it said they did tishuva first and then they found the torah. · The torah was opened to the palce where it said the people would be destroyed and so would the kingdom · According to radak it was opened to the tochecha. 4. when he heard it yoshiya ripped his clothes as if in mourning. 5. in order to find out about it they went to chuldah who was the wife of shulamson of tikvah son of charchas who kept the clothes. · Cousin of Yirmiyahu and she was a descendent of rachav · Chuldah means weasel. Why is she a weasel? Because she was a prophet for women and she responded to yoshiyahu and not Yirmiyahu. She said it wouldn’t happen in their time. yoshiyahu still was upset about it. 6. the navi said that Hashem will punish Yehuda for what they have done wrong and for doing avoda zarah. However yoshiyahu won’t see it and he will die before it occurs. Yoshiyahu prohibited avoda zarah and sent officers throughout the country to make sure they would listen.

10/27/10 Perek bet

Pasuk 4- listen up what was so bad about hahshem that they went away from Hashem. They followed nothingness and they became nothing because of it. “achar hevel…”

8- the kohanim didn’t ask where’s god. And the judges don’t know him. the shepherds (rashi-kings) didn’t follow him and the nivvim were prophicisizing to baal not Him.

13- the pasuk says ami which means Hashem loves us like shadal. The people did two evils they left Hashem which was like fresh water and went to dig broken wells. · Baal is the rain god. Bnai Yisrael would daven to baal for rain because they knew that turning for Hashem just to rain wasn’t good???? · Bnai Yisrael left the gushing stream (the torah) and they turned to the broken cistern (broken practices). · This makes no sense · Sometimes the aleph is ba’orot is missing which makes it like bor which is nothingness 14- bani ysirael who had the ability to serve Hashem was like his first born son.

15- the lions will roar… (this refers to ashur which they turned to and then responded by biting them)

18- why are you going toward mitzrayim to drink black water and why are you going to the Assyrians just to drink from a river. (they are forming alliances to things that will only kill them like the Nile was where the first borns were killed.

20- Hashem always broke our yoke and he wanted to help us but he broke us because very high hill and under every raanan tree Bnai Yisrael are gross and whore. (Hashem is saying that the more He tried to harness us the more we were promiscuous.)

21- Hashem planted us as the potential to be a sorek (best grapes) how did we switch and made foreign grapes.

22- if we wash ourselves out in a laundry and use a lot of detergent our sins will still be a stain before Hashem. (the stain can lighten even if it is never gone so Hashem forgives but never forgets). The only way to get rid of the stain is to not wear the shirt again so we have to completely change

24- camels drink 30 gallons a day camels never get quenched female camels also are never sexually satiated. and are never satiated just as Bnai Yisrael were never satiated in their sexual desire. · We have a source of fresh water but we use the cracked cistern

25- prevent your feet from being barefoot and prevent your throat from being thristy · people were barefoot to serve avoda zarah (from Moshe and the sneh) and we need torah to quench our thirst. We are being prostitutes 27- we tell the tree “you’re my daddy”. We turn to things that are made from wood fro avida zarah as well as stone when we call it our mom. We turned aroudn and showed Hashem the back of our neck and eh didn’t see our face but when tragedy befalls us we go to Hashem.

11/3/10 idolatry 1.a Yirmiyahu compares Bnai Yisrael to a wife cheating on her husband and Hashem then gets vengeful against us. perek bet is the betrayal and perek gimel is the reconciliation. If man A and woman B get divorced and woman B gets married to Man C man A can’t remarry woman B. aman and a women can’t get remarried but Bnai Yisrael isn’t just someone leaving they cheated on Hashem so kal vichomer Bnai who cheated can’t be reconciled. B. it changes from husband wife to father son. Why does it have to change? Because father and son get reconciliation no matter what as opposed to husband and wife which could not get reconciliation. In act of faith we seem like a cheating wife but in reconciliation we are sons of Hashem.

Cheit haegel isn’t avoda zarah. Idol- avoda zarah

2. avoda zarah is making Hashem corporeal. (all of the mitzvot of the torah are to eliminate avoda zarah). Avoda zarah can be performed in a a monotheistic society. He says it is looking at Hashem in a different way. Worshipping idols is only a symptom of the alien belief.

11/8/10 rav volbe

el zar- force of estangement oor disconnect can’t be in two places at one time. You are worshiping somehting that makes ou disconnect.

Rambam lists the 13 middot and says that denying them you will lose olam habah 1-5 conception of Hashem’s being 6-13 Hashem’s relationship with Jews

the 13 middot are a prerequisite of keeping mitzvot.

Even if it is accidental accepting yad chazaka etc as Hashem you are doing avoda zarah. Idol- not avoda zarah

Your god is false

Ramban- dolitary is the worship of an aspect of Hashem or intermidiary. You can’t worship angels (real forces). There were worships of separate intelligences (angels), cellestailbeings, ghost or demon. By worshipping them you are impsoing a different order on the world. It is making Hashem finite.

Cheit haegel is probably avoda zarah. They are only looking at oen aspect of Hashem or an intermediary. Idol- not avoda zarah

11/9/10 rabbi bovla there are 2 worlds and you can’t be in both simultaniously but we can switch quickly. The worlds are the world of disconnect and the world of connection. Any good emtion is olam hayididot (connection) and bad is olam haziroot. However we decide our own emotiosn and out ourselves where we are. By being in the olam hazaroot you ar ein the el zar which is bad. If you alow olam hazaroot emotiosn effect your disposition that is avoda zarah.

__Yehuda halevi__- avoda zarah is worhsipping the right god in the wrong manner. Christianity and islam is avoda zarah.

Cheit haegel would be avoda zarah and so would bamot. They used something physical they didn’t deny Hashem. They needed something tangible to address. When they were punished there was a direct relationship with Hashem for forgiveness and they saw that they didn’t need an intermediary. Idol- not avoda zarah

The worship is wrong (as opposed to rambam where the god is wrong)

According to the torah the problem is a love traingle Rambam- emphasis is placed on who is worshipping (worshiper) Rmaban- what is being worshipped (worshipee) Halevi- how it is being worshipped. (worship itself)

Perek gimel is the reconcilaitaion phase (father son relationship).

11/15/10 __jonathan sacks__-

perek gimel- father and son. We have siblings (malchei Yisrael)

hayashuv elocha- it is ambiguous can he should he will he- we don’t know.

There are a lot of rhetorical questions in perek gimel

Milah mancha is shoov

5- will you harp forever and hold onto it forever that Hashem forgives AND forget (we are treating Hashem like a doormat)… (he knows what we do wrong) look up more on this pasuk

6-did you see what the returnees (malchei Yisrael) do wen they went to tall mountains and did avoda zarah there

7- after she (10 tribes) did all of this to me she can return and she didn’t return. They could have done tishuva but they didn’t They didn’t return as a physical people because they didn’t return spiritually Yehuda is called a traitorous sister. 1) They allowed them to get lost without helping them and they are following in their footsteps. 2) they weren’t inspired. They will probably get in more trouble because Yisrael were the guinea pigs and wouldn’t get punished as harshly.

8- after hahsme saw all the events of adultery of Yisrael and he gave her a sefer kritoot, a conditional ghet. (this isn’t a complete ghet so Hashem was saying that they could have returned). Yehuda didn’t take example from it and they did avoda zarah as well.

12-go to where the 10 tribes were exiled and get them back. Tell them to return because Hashem does chesed and will get them to return

__rashi__- Hashem is telling Yirmiyahu to go quickly. He has a mission to go and find the 10 tribes and in the 18th year of yoshiyahu some of them returned. [when they spoke to chuldah Yirmiyahu was gone and tahts why they went to her when thye found the torah]

__radak__- Hashem is telling Yirmiyahu to hurry up and tell yehuda that in the end of days Yisrael will come back. This is a warning to yehuda and a comfort for them.

14- return my children says Hashem “ki” I own you. Ki could be translated as [because or] so that. Hashem could take one or two of their families and they can come back. 2 ways to look at pasuk (because it is ambiguous) 1) one or two will return 2) even if one or two return its still worth it

22- Hashem says he is tired of their tishuva and they say back that they are before Hashem (a rashi reading of the pasuk) Hashem says what he hears from the hill is false

24- Yisrael apologize for their bad tishuva.

11/17/10 Get notes from beginning

They are still the sons and they can be recnciled. Pasuk 5

They have protection but they are abusing it. The parental relatioship keeps on returning.

Hashem says that he is exhausted from our behavior.

22- They are doing tishuva and saying that they are here and ready to listen to hashem

Pasukim 22-25

__Rashi-__ these are the people up north that did tishuva __Radak__- people that did tishuva (future predictiin for anyone that will become before Hashem- it is the potential for tishuva)

23- Hashem responds back and says that their tishuva is false. But Bnai Yisrael respond that it is real. They recognize that their salvation is in Hashem

24- they have been like this all along. They have done wrong before and they were having a problem with it since day one. This is part of viduy and they are admitting their sin.

25- they are covered by their embarrassment (they are covering themselves with stained sheet of their sin which reminds Hashem of what they did, even when they try and cover themselves it is apparent to Hashem that they sinned but they are admiting that they are surrounding with it.) they sinned from day one until now and didn’t listen to Hashem.

__Malbim__- (the tikbolet nirdefet means two slightly different things-omnisignificance) they can’t lift up their heads because they are embarrassed. They have inner shame (boshet) and shame from someone else who looks at them (klimah).

Perek daled 1-ambigouous pasuk. IF Bnai Yisrael will return, return to Hashem. If you remove your abominations you will not end up in exile. · Hope that they will return. 2- they will swear “chai Hashem” that they are returning with mishpat tzedek (not only ben adam limakom also ben adam lichaveiro) then all of the goyim will bless the children to be like Bnai Yisrael and they will bless you. (the klima and boshet will be removed).

Perek bet:1-3, 5-6, 8, 11, 13, 18, 21-22, 25, 27-29, 30, 32-35 sifrei tanach

11- would another nation be a heretic to their god no but you are to me.12/1/10

kings during yirmiyahus prophecy Galut of ????? || Galut of yehoda/chorban ||
 * Yoshiyahu || 627 (his 13th year but when Yirmiyahu starts prophecizing) ||  ||
 * Yihoachaz || 609 || Only rules for 3 months ||
 * Yihoyakim || 609 || Only 11 years ||
 * Yihoyachim/ yichonya || 592 || 3 months of rule
 * tzidkiyahu || 586 || Rule for 10 years
 * gidaliaya ||  ||   ||

Perek zayin 26:1 at the beginning of the reign of yihoyakim (609)

__Suzane cohen__-yihoyakim was appointed by the king of mitzrayim. He was appointed because he was the weak one. Yihoyakim wanted to get people to follow him and didn’t follow his father so he allowed avoda zarah. The people didn’t like yohoyakim because he was harsh and he was appointed by an egyptian. Yirmiyahu went to the beit hamikdash to tell the people that now even that may go away soon.

7:1 Yirmiyahu is supposed to stand in the gate of the beit hamikdash. He isn’t talking to everyone he is talking to the people who are coming to the beit hamikdash who are davening to Hashem.

__Malbim__- they think that the korbanot and bowing are the most important things to do. (they assumed the most important part of avoda Hashem is korbanot).

Hashem cares more about bein adam lichaveiro than bein adam limakom.

7:3 tikbolet- make better your was and Hashem will rest in you rmidst.

__Mitzudat tziyon__- you can prevent galut

__Malbim__- dependent clause if P than Q. if not P than not Q. if they are good there I no galut but if they aren’t good there will be galut.

The nivie sheker are what is ruining them. They said “heichal Hashem” 3 times and that Hashem will never destroy the beit hamikdash because it is his place.

(Get notes)

12/7/10 640  · yoshiyahu appoined 627 · hatchalat yiridat ashur. Haczarut bitishuva, yirmiyahu 609 · yoshiyahu was killed by paroh nicha · and yokoyachaz was kidnapped and brought to egypt · yohoakim was appointed by paroh · nebuchadnezzar rules over bavel 597 · yihoyahcim · galut niarim (first galut) · galut cheiresh omazkir

mechamim bet background perek chuf gimel after finding the torah yoshiyahu destroys all of the kohani baal bamot and cremates them. 21: Yoshiyahu restarted pesach and he said it hasn’t been done since the time of the shoftim. In the 18th year of yoshiyahu they got rid of the avoda zarah 25: no one was as good as yoshiyahu Hashem is still angry at the people Paroh nacha attacks and kills yoshiyahu. Yihoachaz was king for 3 months and he was very bad Paroh incarcerates and later kills yihoachaz and taxes the people a lot The paroh put yihoyakim as the king under him There was a lot of taxes At 25 he becomes king for 11 years but he was bad in Hashem’s eyes. Nebuchadnezzar rules and yohoyakim tries to have a rebellion against him. Many nations make alliances with bavel to quell the rebellion because they didn’t listen to their naviim. Hashem isn’t overturning his evil decree against them. There is dam naki in yirushalayim and Hashem won’t overturn what he was going to do. Yihoyakim dies and yihoyachim rules after him Even mitzrayim became a vassal of bavel

Divrei hayaim oerek lamed vuv

Get notes

12/13/10 pasuk daled

omnisignficance it is said three times

they each refer to a different art of their fake worship prayer bowing 1 more

__rashi__- omni significance- shalosh rigalim (to okay to just come to the mikdash 3 times they should do more)

__radak__- quotes his dad- omnisignificance- 3 part so fthe beit hamikdash radak himself- emphasis they are placing too much emphasis on the building and the building itsel fisn’t holy · tis is like when eli and his sons brought the mishkan to war and they lost it · Moshe interpreted the breaking of the luchot. He thought that Bnai ysirael thought that their conenction to hahem is through the luchot but it is spiritual · Shoftim- in pinuel and sukkoth they hide in a tour.

__Malbim__- omnisignificance- don’t think that heichal Hashem that they built is actually heichal Hashem. It doesn’t mean that Hashem lives there just because they build it. heichal Hashem is really actions oly in their good actions would Hashem live there. (they say heichal Hashem but it isn’t actually haiechal Hashem it is really their good actions.

Other times 3 words appear Kadohs kadosh kadosh

Pasuk 5 Judge the ger and almanah well. They shouldn’t spill innocent blood. They found a way to give someone the capital punishment If they behave they wouldn’t get exiled. If they change their actions they wouldn’t leave. They do bad things and then they go to the beit hamikdash and they think it will save them. There are many allusions to the 10 commandments. They are messing everything up by not doing ben adam lichaveiro but also some bein adam limakom. He is using Decalogue language. Hashem asks “is my beit hamikdash a hideout for robbers?”

The days of yoshiya king of amos. There ar emany different ancestors listed instead of the sual just one.

His concern is to try and get the people t do tishuva

Similar style to Yirmiyahu/Yishayahu

Hadragah (and those…)

Tzefaniyah means

Sing, O daughter of Zion! Shout, O Israel! Rejoice and jubilate wholeheartedly, O daughter of Jerusalem!

12/21/10 pasuk vuv- do not oppress the widow or orphan. Don’t judge them bad and make a judicia murder. Don’t go after false gods 7- each of the avot got the land in aidffern way (akeidah, lasuach basadeh) and you continue to rely on them but it doesn’t benefit you. 8 9- is the theivery, murder, flase swearing, incense to baal, that you don’t now and you come to beit hamikdash and you think that you will be safe. 10-

(Hashem should dwell in each of us but by doing this we are containg Him in one area)

11- is this house a safe house for a robber and bandit. (they act like the beit hamikdash is a hideout they think that they are hiding from Hashem. They think Hashem is blind) is that what it is in your eyes, but I see that you are hiding there

12-15 in shmuel 4 chafni and pinchas brought the aron to war when they were losing. They thought it would protect them. However they lost and chafni and pinchas died and the aron was lost and shiloh was destroyed. Hashem is using this to show that the people are bringing something physical where they think Hashem is to save themselves. They should have davened to Hashem instead and done better things.(in the time of shiloh there were no niviim but now there are a lot so they are in a worse predicament).

13- I spoke to you through niviuah but you didn’t listen. Don’t think that I won’t do the same thing to shiloh here. The same way He got rid of Yisrael he could get rid of them. (Ephraim here means the kingdom of Israel because ephraim started the separation)

Chuf vuv 1- it took place in the beginning of yehoyakims kingdom 2- same language but the last three words says not to leave anything off which is different 3- MAYBE (different) they will hear what you say and reconcile. I will changed my mind about punishing him. · There is a mistake it should be “el” or “et” haraah. abarbinel says he doesn’t have good language. 4- same 5- same (I sent you messages and you’re not listening) 6 7- different- the people’s reaction · abarbinel says the different between perek 7 and 26 is that 7 is the command and 26 is Yirmiyahu actually doing it 8- the people kidnap him and try and kill him the kohanim and leviim did it because they think he might be a navi sheker. It is important to note that it was during the time period of yehoyakim because so many bad things happened after they had a massive tishuva movement.

Back to Perek zayin The damm naki that they are committing is Yirmiyahu they are trying to kill him.

16- Hashem is telling Yirmiyahu to stop davening on their behalf why did Hashem tell Yirmiyahu that? He doesn’t want him to daven on their behalf he wants them to daven. He wants Bnai Yisrael to change because of Yirmiyahu. Yirmiyahu’s davening would be a crutch for them and they would never learn. Yirmiyahu still feels a responsibility to daven for them even though they want to kill him.

17-18- don’t you see what Bnai Yisrael are doing wrong. They are bad in adam lichaveiro but also bein adam limakom. They had kawoni worship that tried to get all of the family to work together. · It is so embedded in their culture tahteven the women and children are doing it 19- they are doing it not because they believe in it but they are doing it to bother Hashem. (they are making it worse for Hashem because He will get angry and punish them) 20- I wil burn the beit hasmikdash 21- add a shlamim element to your olot (olah goes completely to Hashem and you can eat from shlamim) Hashem is saying that he isn’t accepting their olot so they might as well eat it and not be baal tashchit.

12/22/10 22- I didn’t commanded Jews to do olot since we left mitzrayim. · This doesn’t make sense because He did command us

Rambam vs ramban Rambam- we do korbanot beause we have to refute the goyim. (we don’t have to go to the bathroom but Hashem adds something to make it a mitzah but we shouldn’t go to the bathroom 100 times just to say the bracha. Ramban- the korbant are instead of us being on the mizbe’ach. We do it because we need it.

__Radak__- the mitzvah of shabbos and dinim were commanded during marah way before korbanot. (the pasuk isn’t saying Hashem never commanded us to give korbanot but He commanded us after he said to do tzedek and mishpat.) the purpose of korbanot isn’t because of the korban but it is to listen to Hashem. We become Hashem’s people by listening to him and if we do wrong korbanot are a way to fix it.(he is like ramban). (korbanot should be bidieved in our relationship to Hashem). If we know that the aseret hadibrot are the basis of the torah it makes sense that there was no mention of korbanot because they aren’t a basis in Judaism. Hashem never commanded us that we have to give a korban yachid they are only tzibur. The ones that we give out of the goodness of our heart are voluntary he never commanded it. these voluntary korbanot shouldn’t be a way for us to do better. (this is like Rambam because he is sayingw e are being like the pther nations by giving korbanot).they are using Hashem to play safe but Hashem doesn’t want that. We are copying the pagan traditions.

__Malbim__- the purpose of korbanot is to elevate you spiritually. If they are doing korbanot and they are getting away with things which is against what korbanot are for. 1)To see if they will listen to what Hashem commands us 2) we have a realtionship even though we are less than Him. When you go before a king and give them a gift he doesn’t need it but it is good for you so you can show your relationship 3) It is for us not for Hashem. We have to keep in the straight and narrow that we will follow Hashem and have yirah.

23- The korbanot hould be good for them not for Hashem, He doesn’t need it 24- they listen to bad advice and they went backwards instead of going forward __mitzudat david__­ with each passing day their relationship with Hashem got worse and they didn’t add on to their relationship · Cause- what they did

__radak__- they went backwards in what they were blessed with. (they were cursed because of what they did and that was what was backwards). (he seems to be interpreting the test more) · effect- punishment

they weren’t answered

34- Hashem will stop like anyone whether they were in the cities of out · This is like pasuk 17 when it said in the cities or outside, there they were doing it in public. · So in 34 because they were doing it publically there would be no more joy publically and no one would want to get married.

1/3/11 perek 7 1-12 shiloh 13-16 17-20 – famliy avoda zarah 21- shlamim and olot 22-24- he never asked them to do korbanot 26 -34 they won’t get married anymore and not celebrate marriages

abrabinel- perek 7 is the mission 26 is the fufilment that is why there is a repsone to the people

perek chuf vuv pasuk 7

yrimiyahu does the mission and tells them that the people will be looked down upon. 7- kohanim heard it 8- when Yirmiyahu finished speaking the people captured Yirmiyahu to kill him. · This proves what Hashem said in perek 1 in pasukim 8 and 19. 9 – why would you tell us that the beit hamikdash will become like shiloh and there will be no inhabitants from the pshat it seems that they think he is a navi sheker

the beit hamikdash will become like shiloh and there will be no inhabitants from the pshat it seems that they think he is a navi sheker

malbim 8 says differently malbim__-__ they believe that Yirmiyahu is a navi of Hashem but they don’t want to hear it. they are being bothered by Yirmiyahu and won’t actually listen so they deny it. he knows this because they want to kill him but it isn’t kifi hadin to kill him. if he was a navi sheker it would be kifi hadin. When did Yirmiyahu warn him about the judicial killings? Perek 7 in pasuk 6 “damm naki al tishpitu” he is referring to himself. He als knows it because on pasuk 7 and 8 kohanim niviim and nation were there but in 9 and 10 only the nation was there and the sarim. The sarim were the judges and judgement usually takes place in the entrance to the city. __Malbim 10__- the sarim are coming from the king who is yehoyakim and he is sending people to try and kill Yirmiyahu. (this is like eizevel and kerem navot). The kohanim and niviim would allow Yirmiyahu to talk but they wouldn’t pay attention but the sarim want to kill him.

11- question or statement- does he deserve death or he does deserve death.

__Malbim 11__- Now the kohanim and niviim seem to be convinced that they should kill Yirmiyahu. The nivei sheker stood by the side of Yirmiyahu and said the opposite he did. They wanted to find a judicial way to kill him. the people are willing to listen to Yirmiyahu originally but now they want to kill Yirmiyahu. Some people want to kill him because he is a nvi sheker, others because he is annoying, or other because they aren’t sure but they want peace among the leaders and his death woudl bring that. The checks and balances has gone corrupt. they want him dead but since they are frum they want a legitimate way to do it.

12- I will not back down I am saying what Hashem told me to say 13- you are bad in your ways 14- I am in your hands do what you want to me whatever you think is good and correct (this is a play off of mishpat tzedek you are spilling inncoent blood).

1/4/11 the sarim are the judges but they are the worng people to be judges because they shouldn’t be part of it they are baised and go against the checks and balances

kateigor- accuser (it cuts) saneigor – defendant (soft)

15- you are spilling innocent blood

psak din 16- the sarim say that he doesn’t deserve the death sentence this is not what we expected. During the time of yohoyakim the people are basically good and not swayed by the evil king (yehoyakin) whoch is like the malbim in perek aleph.

Appeal (the verdict was not liked by everyone and people want to appeal and these people are going against it or this is out of order like the dat mikra says and it should be with the rest of the defense. 17- people get up and stand up for yirmiyah  18- micha said the beit hamikdash would be destoryed  19- did they kill michah? No they did tishuva and were turned around and they are doing a very bad thing

the “very bad thing” is ambiguous what is it 1) it could be that they aren’t doing tishuva  2) they are trying to kill 3) both

micha 3:9 you are building yerushlayim with blood on your hands. Your judges are taking bribes, judging incorrectly. But you thought that you had yerushlayim and the beit hamikdash and it wouldn’t matter. Because of you the beit hamikdash will be destroyed.

20- there was someone els ewho also was a navi and name was oriyah and said all the Yirmiyahu said 21- yohoyakim heard and he wanted to kill oriyah so oriyah ran away to egypt 22- yohoyakim gets him back and 23- they kill him and throw him in the kever ha’am (where people who are chayiv mitah go) 24- achikam (whow as one who found the torah) saved Yirmiyahu

__mitzudat david__- they didn’t change his verdict but they didn’t enforce it because the masses wanted kill him achikam used his strength to protect Yirmiyahu.

1/5/11 perek tet pasukim 1-9 the first time that yirmyahu says he wants to leave the Jews and give us 11-15 al maavdah haaretz – the purpose we lost the land 16-21 letters to the mikonenot (women who lament) 16- call out to the wailing women and teach them how to do a kinah because there is so much death and there are no more children. (this might be where we get the halach a to have a bewailer at a funeral).

milah mancha in perek zyain pasuk chuf vuv 22- don’t be proud if you are chahcam gibur and ashir 23- instead be proud if you know Hashem yadah is usually more intimate.

Get notes from 1/10/11 1/11/11

radak on 22 korbanot- you can’t do bad and tehn give korbanot making up isn’t good you should stay together from the beginning.

The peoep are praising themselves for wealth, strength, and wisdom The Gemara is saying that we didn’t do anything special for it and it was predetermined so it doesn’t matter. The solution to their problems would be to mimic Hashem’s behavior and not give back

The milah mancha is shama It means differernt stuff in different postions. They might be kistening but they aren’t heeding to Hashem’s words.

Are they kohani tzedek or kohani baals

The difference between assyrians and babylonian exile is the assyrians do it to stop rebellion and mix it up and babylonains wanted to make a really good society

597 · galut niarim (daniel Chamal) · galut cheresh omazkir (yichezkel and mordechai) we would think that yichezkel was appointed by Hashem for the Jews of bavel but he is really for the Jews that would go there. They would have trusted him because he recorded information when it was going on and the only way it would happen is if Hashem gave him the knowledge. Therefor ethey would trust him.

586- chorban habayiit galut yehuda appont gidaliyah and a pecha last nivuah of yichezkel

Get notes from beginning of anatot trial 1/10/11 1/11/11

11:18-23 Yirmiyahu seems to be out of line in the way he speaks to Hashem The people of anatot were most angry at Yirmiyahu because of who they were. Yirmiyahu talked about the destruction of shiloh and during that destruction the kihuna was transferred out of elazar’s house (the people from anatot) to thers so this would rub it in there face by saying that shiloh was destroyed. They think that they should be protected by Yirmiyahu but he was against them.

__Rashi__- Yirmiyahu saw the end of the people of anatot (their punishment. Hashem wants to make him feel better because they were against him and they would be punished) and he was pained because they were his family and he didn’t want to fail.

19-He seems to be a lamb led to slaughter and I didn’t think that they would kill me and they will poison him and kill him and his name will not be remembered

who is leading? __Rashi__- the people are leading him __Mitzudat david__- Hashem is leading him

__Malbim__- his name won’t be remembered because they wouldn’t know about his death. The naviim killed by sword would be remembered as a martyr but the poison would take says to work so it would just seem as though he died naturally.

Yirmiyahu is wondering why Hashem told him because he now has to live with the fact that his family wanted to kill him.

20- because Hashem knows the situation that he would be killed Hashem said that He will show Yirmiyahu His punishment. Yirmiyahu only showed his angst to Hashem (he showed Hashem that he was sad so Hashem tried to make him feel happy. However he is still happy that he has Hashem because now he doesn’t even have his family to turn to.

Get notes from 2/7/11 2/8/11

2/9/11 perek tet zayin **kfi tihiyeh-**

__mitzudot radak malbim-__ if he succeeds in getting the people to do tishuva he will find something good out of the whole bad and he will be able to perform things even like miracles. It is a conditional nivuah. __mahari kra__- I will take what you say as divine. He wont let them go into exile. He is making Yirmiyahu his partner.

20- this pasuk is like perek aleph.

2/14/11 get notes from beginning

tikbvolet nirdefet chaseirah

tet zayin 1-3 ther us no future for children so don’t have any wives

9- Hashem said he couldn’t get married · Hashem wanted the people to see that even he is being seriosu about it. like noach with building the teivah · He is making a abig statement by not marrying · We don’t know if this is an actual command or just advice to follow

No nivuah bc tamei Cleaning it would make it better just as cleaning the Jews would

Maaseh simle (symbolic act) is what we are going to learn symbolic or real
 * Perek yud gimel**

Radak followed the Rambam (he will probably think that it is symbolic)

1

1-7- mashal 8-11- nimshal because it is a mashal nimshal does it make it an allegory and therefore not realistic.

1- he buys a belt what does it mean that he bought? In az yashir we see that Hashem says he baoght us which Rashi says means new and unused.

2/15/11

The two commandments were that he had to buy a belt and not get it wet. It seems like it represents things but it was written autobiographically.

It is showing the that symbol of national pride will be lost. The linen is that it is bigdei kinuna because we are a mamlechet kohanim.

Linen wrinkles and gets dirty quickly. But Yirmiyahu isn’t allowed to get it wet or clean it. When he got the belt it was tamim but they quickly became impure. He can never part from it and therefore never clean it.

Bnai Yisrael are the eizor and Yirmiyahu is Hashem. Hashem was showing that he didn’t have the chance to discipline us because he was always wearing us. but by the time we are really dirty and bad it can’t be washed. It says many times where the belt was worn to show the devekut and closeness of Hashem to Bnai ysirael.

Is it real and does he do the maaseh __Radak “ko amar Hashem”__- it really happened as Hashem said it. Rambam said that it is like a dream and he doesn’t know why he can’t get it wet. If he is trying to say not to wash it after he wore it and it got dirty; then why didn’t it say don’t wash it? it says to go to prat and not nahar prat so why does he have to go there? Because it is the border of Israel. And it says that when they are exiled they lose their pride once the hit the prat.

2/16/11 get notes from the beginning

nchal prat in Israel makes more sense geoologically than geographically.

Ppl began to align with egyptains and Jews moved. Yirmiyahu called Jews back to yehuda and not to desert them.they fleed to escape from nebuchadnesar but he also captured egypt and exiled them as well. The belt going to nahar prat proves that all the people will get exiled to bavel.

Yirmiyahu currently represents what Bnai Yisrael will go through in the future.

3 stages of the mashal 1) wear loincloth- · Hashem bought us and wore us andwere close 2) bury it  · Hashem recognized we no loner give her any glory and Hashem shirks it off of him 3) dig it up · bringing it before Hashem and it says we are brining shame to Hashem he is trying to shame them and he can’t wash it. if they feel shame they might want to fix it and do tishuva.

1-3 Paschur, a kohen, and has a high position in the beit hamikdash. He hears Yirmiyahu prophesying and he flogs him and puts him in jail. A day later paschur releases him and Yirmiyahu gives him a new name and calls him magor misaviv. Paschur means tranquility surrounds you and magor misaviv means terror surrounds you.
 * Perek chuf**

12- very similar to what we saw before

13- seems like a mini tefilah that praises Hashem for taking him out of jail. He refers to himself as a peasant and says he was saved from evil doers

14- he cuses the day he was born (he was said to be born on tisha baava and conceived when minashe killed many nivei Hashem)

15- cursed be the person that brought news that his dad will have a baby and he should be happy

__radak__- even though he was cursing because ehe was bitter in his soul, why would he curse out the man who told his father. Maybe the mivaser was a good man and Hashem will punish Yirmiyahu later fo rcursing him. paschur is the messenger.

__Daat mikra__- he was just cursing out the mivaser and it isn’t pashchur.

16- the man should be like sdom and emorah. Morning and noon he should hear terrible screaming.

he could be comparing that once sarah was told about a child being born there was a destruction in sdom and emorah and the mivaser told his fateh rabotu him being born and then there was destruction in Israel at his time or he was trhown into jail (mahapechet).

17-

18- why was he born to see destruction.

Get notes from write on 2/28/11 Har chamish was on the euphraties

609 yoshiyahu is dead

they went to the big prat which showed that their ptributaries were going somehwere

yohoyakim says that eh wants to be a superpower and not pay money. Yirmiayhu tells him that if he pays he would remain a vassel of babylon but if he didn’t tehn they would be exiled to bavel.

pasuk chuf tet- aren’t my words like fire (rhetorical question) and my words are like a hammer that smashes the rock
 * Perek chuf gimel**

depending on hwo the rock is hit it will break differently

tikbolet nirdefe (hammer and rock)

metaphor(Hashem is hammer) /imagery (eements in natue (earth=stone and fire)

dvari and nium Hashem – it is about the heaviness of Hashem

__daat sofrim__- there are two types of hammers one that puts things toegtehr another that breaks things apart.

Here it is referring to the breaking of objects. It is saying that each word of Hashem can be interpreted in many ways (the rock breaking into many people) the hammer doesn’t matter but the stone does so the people would matter and they determine the meaning of the words. Fire destroys an object. The speed that something burns depends on the combustibility of the object. It represents the more that they are a receptacle of the fire it can change to something positive. The power of torah is so strong that it can subdue or take control of the stone.

You can be a receptacle or disseminator.

You have to put out the fire.

Fire isn’t mikabel tumah.

perek chuf hay

1-7 warning 8-31 consequence 32-end future.

3/1/11 division based on metaphors 1-14 destruction of Bnai Yisrael but also the destruction of them so it is nechama and tochecha.

15-19 cup of angry wine · 4 cups in pesach are hetzeti hitzalti galti lakachti all of which were used in the perek 20-end shepherds and lion

why are the arba lishonot giulah in this perek

1) maybe it is tochecha and nechama 2) the words that would come and save us are not going to hurt us because we are so bad

1- the year is 605 2- years 3- years and they aren’t listening 4- niviim are broken records 5- last chance 6- don’t follow other gods 7- you didn’t listen

1-7 they haven’t been listening since the beginning of his nivuah.

9-Hashem speaking 9- exile of bavel (lakachti is used here) they will succeed because they are Hashem’s messengers 10- there won’t be any weddings and you woudln’t hear grinding stones; no one will be working that’s hwo bad it is *11- (important pasuk) the land will be a destruction and the entire world will be subservient for 70 years (there is nechama) if you want to survive be subservient and don’t rebel (yoshiyhah didn’t follow this)

*divrei hayamim bet 34:21 at the end of 70 years they come back.

12- (pakod another giulah word used differently) after 70 years bavel will fall

Yirmiyahu is putting a religious spin on something that is political.

None of Yirmiyahu’s contemporaries believe that the rise and fall of bavel is religious. People at this time think that bavel is paying Yirmiyahu to prophecy this.

13- bavel would be paid back for doing bad to Bnai Yisrael 14- take this wine of fury and nivuah for other nations

geographical chiasm- he says he will hurt people in an X format and the middle is the most important. Here too Bnai Yisrael will be in the X and hurt by it.

3/2/11 Chuf hay is about the 70 years and not necessarily that they will comeback in 70 years but that bavel will fall after 70 years.

This seems unfair that bavel falls because of us.

We raise the glass of fury saying that all of the other nations will fall. 27- none of the empires will be able to come back.

28- when they refuse to take the cup it will still be imposed upon them

30- Hashem’s lion is roaring and the shepherds will start screaming and then herd will run around like cray.

38- just like a cub flees from his tent because his land has become desolate because of the anger of the dove. · Dove is peace and honesty and it represents Hashem

It seems as though all of the animals are the opposite of what they usually do and it is against nature.

11-12 = fulfillment of the 70 years

__radak-__ nebuchadnezzar rules for 45 years, avel mirodach rules 36 years into the exile of yohoyakim (which is 23 years) (597?? BCE) and balthazaar rules for 3 years. · He is focusing on the **Ki**milot 70 shana. So its like 70 years finished

__miztuat david__- he agrees with radak and bavel will be punished because they were harsh.

__malbim-__ agrees with mitzudat david and says that bavel was punished for destroying Bnai Yisrael and also all of the other nations

sheet brit bein habitarim the rise and fall of mitzrayim is due to us.

(we built mitzrayim up with the pyramids and yitziat mitzrayim cut it down the same happened with romans when we built the coliseum and it too fell).

3/8/11 **kimilot** shivim shana Hashem calls nebuchadnezzar avdi which shows that he listens.

This nivuah is being given over in 605 when is it 70 years from? 605? 609? 586? 597? It was at the completion of fro kimilot It needs to be a complete 70 years

Why is it okay that Hashem is punishing his servant for what he was supposed to do? __Ramban__- he was fulfilling Hashem’s prophecy so he should have viewed his victory as something from Hashem but he didn’t so that is why he is in trouble. Nebuchadnezzar went further than he had to.

The nivei sheker were angry at Yirmiyahu for doing something good for bavel and they thought that bavel was paying him.

Chuf zayin A very big maaseh simlie that finsihes in perek chuf chet

1-11= nations’ submission to bavel

1- beginning of yehoyakim’s reign 2- make for yourself a yoke and put it on your nexk 3- send one to kings of many nations (5) and to the king of tzidkiyahu the king of yehuda

why is stzidkiyahu here if yehoyakim is the king? Most people say it beginning in yehoyakim’s reign and for 11 years until tzidkiyahu he will walk around with the yoke. The 5 kings are from the rebellion of the western provinces against bavel

Yirmiayhu is warning them and the other kings to submit to bavel.

Tzidkiyau makes a coalition with mitzrayim. This is a message for both of them.

4-7 the other nations should tell their kings that Hashem is in charge of the world and He does everything. Many people will be subservient to nebuchadnezzar until Hashem says so. 8- and whoever doenst submit to bavel and take themselve sunder the yoke of bavel will suffer much worse. 9- don’t listen tot the nevii sheker and magicians 10- they are lying to you and you will be erased 11- whichever nations brings itself under the yoke of bavel will be able to remain in the land and stay there.

12-15= warning to tzidkiyahu 12- I said these things to tzidkiayhu to submit to bavel

16-22= 16- I told all the kohanim and niviim not to listen to the nivii sheker that the vessels of the beit hamikdash will be returned. · This shows that its after some of the exile when nebuchadnezzar took the keilim out of the beit hamikdash 17- why are you allowing yourselves to be destroyed 18- if Hashem is really with the niviim turn to Hashem and daven to get everything back · (you have to make them speak the word of Hashem by being good and davening) 19- the vessels are staying in bavel until the end of the 70 years and then I will bring them back.

Get notes from 3/14/11

Yehoyakim was nothing like his father in terms of religion, obedience of niviim and how he ruled

22:13 whoe to the man who builds his house without tzedek (yehoyakim). He says let me build an enormous house. Will you be a king because you are encircled with cedar? Are you like your father in the kingdom. Your father (yoshiyahu) did eat and drink but he also followed mishpat tzedek and judged the poor and orphan well. Your heart is only on your own extravagence. No one will eulogize you. You are just concerned with yourself. You will be buried like a donkey.

Change in tone from now on until the end of the sefer. Before the theme was to do tishuva. Now it is about submitting to bavel and surviving. These are his more famous nivuot and we can learn from it. galut is like rehab and not adivorce from Hashem.

Everything happens for a reason but we can’t know why.

Is it 605 or 597 __Malbim__- tzidkiyahu was appointed as sheni lamelech and he was the viceroy for yehoyakim. Messengers from bavel came and appointed him.

Yirmiyahu wants the nivei sheker to become nivei emet, but they have to daven to Hashem and do tishuva. Yirmiyahu is saying that he would be happy if he does wrong.

**Perek chuf chet** 1- it was that year (maybe not actually that year because it says tzidkiyahu but last perek was not tzidkiyahu) in the beginning of tzidkiyahu. Chanaya talks to him from the beit hamikdash.

Tzidkiyahu rebelling will bother nebuchadnessar more because nebuchadnessar appointed him.

2- Hashem to chananiya à He already broke the burden of bavel. (this shows that he is a navi sheker.

3/16/11 the perek calls him a navi but is he? Some say that he was a navi and then he stopped getting nivuah but he continued to say things.

He is defintely not a navi shekr lichatchila

3- in 2 more years the keilim will come back 4- galut chereish o mazkir is retuning

5-9-- Yirmiyahu responds, “ I hope so (that it is true). Sometmes people get nivuah about many different things. When a navi promises peace and it comes true then we know that the navi is true. (he is giving him 2 years and if it comes true then then he is a real navi.)

10- yirmiyahu has the yoke and chananya breaks it. (ramban would say that it is a dream btu he put it on). This is the way Hashem will break the yoke

Yirmiyahu goes home because he doesn’t know if chanaya is right

13- Hashem says to Yirmiyahu to say to chanaya. You broke the wooden yoke but now I will make a bronze yoke. Not only Bnai Yisrael will have to submit to it but the other allied nations will. Hashem never sent you, you gave the people false hope. You will die within a year because you spoke bad to Hashem. And he dies that year. This proves Yirmiyahu correct.

**Perek chuf tet** Perek lamed vuv comes before.

Yirmiyahu is writing a letter to the people in exile. Baruch is his scribe. (yichezkel will be one of the recipients). Tzidkiyahu knows about the letter

Another famous nivuah.

3/22/11 Yirmiyahu is sending the letter to the golah and it is clearly being written post 597.

Yohaykim was the ast dynastic ing.

It is the first time in Jewish histroy that tehre is a large community of Jews out of Israel that has autonomy. These Jews have to know what the course of action is. Submission, revolt etc.

Yirmiyahu has to teach the guidelines of how to act out of Israel.

This is the seocnd type of style that Yirmiyahu has.

5- build houses and settle, plant gardens and eat their produce. 6- take wives and have children and procreate.

They think that if Hashem has sent us out Hashem no longer wants but it is not true. He is trying to teach the that Hashem still wants us. 7- seek out the place o fwhere you are living and pray for that country. Daven that they should have peace because you will have peace. 8- don’t allow the niviim to trip ou up and stop dreaming and sitting back. 9- everyone else is lying. 10- only after the 70 years you can come back 11- I want to give you hope for salvation. 12-14 Hashem will return you.

Shivat tzion is a garuntee according to Yirmiyahu.

The people who leave will be treated like royalty and the people who stay will suffer and live in a famine.

Things will ge worse before they get better.

Up to pasuk yud chet.

After this letter arrive sin bavel yichezkel will begin to prophecize.

15-lit.-because you say set up niviim in bavel. __mitzudat david__- the niviim in bavel that are telling you that you will go home soon are nivvie sheker. (this is needed to show that yichezkel is true and not a navi sheker.

__Radak__- they could go back earlier but only time will tell manybe their won’t be false prophets.

Eric Tepper For the most part, I agree with what Ms. Krupka has to say about Yirmiyahu and his nivuot. The main area where I disagree is when Ms. Krupka seems to suggest that the way that we act as Jews now is the way will act from now on. She makes it seem as though, even when the third Beit Hamikdash will be rebuilt, we will still be using tefilah and personal inflection, rather than korbanot or more communal rituals. I feel as though when the third Beit Hamikdash will be rebuilt Judaism will return to its original glory and closeness to Hashem. I agree with the fact that the two types of serving Hashem are very different and, in some ways, what we do now is better for ourselves (but not closer to Hashem, which probably ultimately is better). In the pre-destruction Judaism many things were done more communally or by one individual, like the Kohen Gadol, but not by each and every indivdual. In some cases this did not allow the laymen to participate in the rituals. Now, on the other hand, while there is a large communal aspect in Judaism almost everything is done on an individual level. I can daven whatever I want and, after saying the required tefilot, and how I want. I believe that this gives me a closer connection to Hashem, even though His shechina isn’t as close. Individuals have a greater part in the post-destruction Judaism than did the Jews of pre-destruction Judaism. However, the reason I may believe this is because this is all I have ever experienced. It would, therefore, make sense that right after the destruction the Jews did not know how to act or serve Hashem and that is why they needed Yirmiyahu’s prophecy. But, as Ms. Krupka said, Yirmiyahu’s nivuot still resonates with us today.

3/23/11 21-32- Yirmiyahu is addressing the nivei sheker that are antagonizing him see pasukim inside. 21- they are saying that I am a navi sheker, nebuchadnessar will kill them directly. Hashem is killing them because they slept with their friend’s wives. This shows that shalom beyit is more important to Hashem.

Shamya is a navi in bavel and sends a letter to tzafania and says that they have a kohen instead of yohoyada. You should protect it from crazy people that are prophecizing there (he means Yirmiyahu). Whwy didn’t you cause destruction to him he sent them there and said it would be long

Sefania read the letter to yirmiayhu and they send a letter back saying. No one from his descendents will return and come back and he won’t see the geulah.

(4/4/11) what is the difference between perek chuf hay and perek chuf tet. 25(:11-12) à galut bavel “kimilot sheviim shana **efkod** hamelch bavel… the submission to bavel will only be in 70 years. It is just about bavel falling not about Bnai Yisrael returning, maybe they would stay. 29 à it talks about actually going back. “lifi mlot libavel shiviim shana **efkod etchem**. They both say efkod but one is you and one isn’t. it says efkod etchem but it doesn’t say how it will happen. Between 12 and 13 there is a word that doesn’t fit. Why does it say vihalachtem? Bnai ysirael were not good at calling out to Hashem not in the beit hamikdash. The halachut is like halacha they need consistent action of being good even when they go places and then they can be returned. Here shivat siyon is not a guarantee it is conditional if they seek out Hashem and do it continuously.

Daniel 9 He has seeked out all the books. Maybe eh is trying to figure out the math that Yirmiyahu was referring to. He says that it is about 70 years of chirban (586-516). He says that they need to daven.he realizes shivat tzioyon is not a guarantee and they have to do something.

Perakim 30-33 are all nechama (many phrases will sound like Yishayahu phrases). This perek is scond day rosh hashana haftarah.
 * PEREK LAMED ALEPH**

Pasuk aleph sounds like perek bet 1- people that escaped the sword found favor in the desert. They were looking for calmness for Israel. a. Sword- mitzrayim b. Found favor in His eyes- He is Hashem c. The other war could be amalek’s attack Despite the fact that they are fleeing the war they weren’t too tired to serve Hashem OR Maybe this is referring to now Desert- bavel Escaped- they weren’t killed in jerusalem and were exiles Looking for tranquility- they are looking for peace and they don’t know how

2- from afar Hashem appears to me and I love the eternal love and then I will do chesed __Rashi__- Hashem is seeing them in a good way because there was zichoot avot OR Hashem still sees Bnai Yisrael even though they are exiled

Or its been a long time since they’ve been close to hashema dn don’t have full nivuah but Hashem will still love us and have chesed. It is hester panim.

Hashem is prolonging the exile because we need rehab

3- I will build you and you will be rebuilt, virgin of Israel (Hashem is showing that it will be a clean slate if the rehab works.) the wealth will be there and you will celebrate and go outside dancing and joyfully. 4- the shomron will be rebuilt (might prove that this is an achirat yamim nivuah) __5- there will be the day where the scouts of ephrayim that they will say let us go back to tzion.__ · __This may prove reishit smichat giulateinu that the people who will return will already be in Israel.__ This is showing that there will be achdut between the tribes Skip 6 and 7 8- they will come crying and I will bring them back to flowing water and they won’t fail. I will be a father to them and ephrayim is the bichor. 14- *** (rachel was supposed to comfort and daven for the exiled Jews) with a loud voice and her crying was bitter because rachel is crying for her children and she refuses to be comforted.**
 * · No one can be comforted for a dead child unless the really are dead this proves that just as yoseph did Bnai Yisrael will return**
 * 15- prevent yourselves from crying and stop your eyes from tearing. **


 * 4/4/11**
 * hoshea ben elah removed th bloackades to yerushalayima dn theefre chizkiyahu was bale to hold pesach with all of Bnai Yisrael inclduing Israel.**


 * 4/5/11**
 * reaction to opening of the bloackades**
 * some mock him (ephrayim, menase and zevulun)**
 * some go**


 * perek lamed aleph is a reversal of what happened.**


 * 14- he heard a loud voice crying bitterly which was rachel. Rama- It can be a loud voice or it can be coming from shmuel. Chana and rachel were both barren and shmuel was from rama sofim where chana had a loud voice to pray for him. she refused to be comforted because her sons weren’t there. (you can never be comforted when someone isn’t really dead.)**


 * 15- Hashem says stop crying because you will be rewardsded, tikbolet nirdefet…**


 * 16- there is hope for your future and your sons will be returned [only one of her sons was exiled recently (or possibly depending on when this takes place binyanin wasn’t exiled yet) so it proves that everyone will return even the 10 tribes]. We saw this hope yesterday with daniel.**


 * __Mahari kra__- it is not rachel crying but it is Yisrael crying because they are being exiled. This pasuk is taking place on the rivers of bavel.**


 * __Radak-__ why is rachel the one that cries? To appease and placate Hashem that there is avoda zarah in the beit hamikdash. None of the other avot were able to placate Hashem, only rachel. She asks, “who has a greater amount of passion? Your compassion (Gods) or mine (that of flesh and blood). You think that it is you. Did I not allow her sister wife (leah)? Lavan brough leah into the chupah and not only was I quiet but I gave her the signs. There are now other gods in the beit hamikdash but you should be quiet about them. Hashem repsonds, “you taught me well how to be defensive.” The reward to the hard work is from rachel telling this story. Also rachel was buried on the way out of Israel and she was purposely buried there so they can daven there.**
 * Chana also shows chutzpah in a midrash and they both had sister wives.**


 * 19- is ephrayim more special to me than toys**

Lamed Daled
 * 4/15/11**
 * Takes place during tzidkiyahus time reign (597-586)**
 * 2- yirmiushalayim is given over and the beit hamikdash will be burnt (this sjows is that this is the end of tzidkiyahu’s reign)**
 * 3- don’t run away from him and you will be caught and handed over you will see him face to face and you will go to bavel **
 * 4- tzidkiyahu you won’t die by sword **
 * 5- you will die in fire and you will be eulogized**
 * __Rashi__- he will be incarcerated and nebuchadnezzar is going to die and tzidkiyahu will be let out of jail and he will be buried with honor.**


 * __Mitzudat david__- you will be treated like a king even in jail and your bed will be burned like that of a king so no one can get your possessions.**


 * 6- Yirmiyahu tells tzidkiyahu all of these stuff.**
 * 7- there is conquering over Judea by bavel outside of yirushalayim**
 * 8- tzidkiyahu renew the covenant and has a national evival like yoshiyahu did when he was spared and he told them to free their slaves.**
 * · This shows that they weren’t keeping shmita or yovel**
 * · It says that if they don’t let the land rest the land will set them out and that if they oppress people more than they have to that Bnai Yisrael will be opressed**
 * 9- you are supposed to let them go because they are your brother. **
 * 10- the people listen and sign the brit. **
 * 11- however, they took back the slaves soon afterwards **
 * · this is also like yoshiyahu because his tishuva movement fails as well.**
 * 12- Yirmiyahu speaks **
 * 13- I took you out of mitzrayim from bondage on condition you wouldn’t bind others **
 * 14- after 7 years you are supposed to let slaves go and you didn’t listen **
 * 15- and you retuned them and did what was good in Hashem’s eyes **
 * 16- but then you went back against what you just did **
 * 17- because you didn’t give freedom to the slaves you will become free (hefker so anyone can take you) now anyone can attack you **
 * 18- **
 * __Rashi__- the people freed their slaves nd tehn made a mini brit ben habitarim that they will take back their slaves. **
 * 19- the princes of yehuda and yirushalayim and the kohanim took the new brit to take back the slaves. **
 * · In brit bein habitarim Hashem told avraham that they would go to mitzrayim but then be freed.**
 * 20- you will be given to the hands of your enemies **
 * 21- even the people that you think have your back (mitzrayim) will walk away from you. **


 * 4/11/11 **
 * the fact that they let the slaves go free it means that they knew that they did something wrong ben adam lichaveiro which is oppressing the weak. **


 * But they take them back again **


 * 22- yehuda will be taken over by bavel. **

Lamed Bet
 * This perek is taking place when babalonian soldiers are temporarily retreating from the seige (because the egyptians are attacking them).so now the Jews will be able to travel more freely. **


 * Purchasing of the field mashal is against the usual mashal which is about rebuilding the beit hamikdash **


 * This is the haftarah for behar, which talks about mitzvot hatilyot baaretz. **


 * 1- year 587 on the eve of destruction **
 * 2- Yirmiyahu is getting a nivuah while he was incarcerated. **
 * 3- tzidkiyahu threw him in jail for the nivuah in perek lamed daled when Yirmiyahu said that bavel is coming. **
 * 4- tzidkiyahu won’t be able to escape **
 * 5- more of the nivuah from lamed daled **
 * 6- yirmyahu was told **
 * 7- chanamel, his cousin or uncle, is supposed to ask to sell his field to Yirmiyahu and he is supposed to buy it. he is a goal and has to redeem it just like ruth did. **
 * 8- he got nivuah while he was in jail and chanamel asked him to buy his land. And he knew that what Hashem said was true. **
 * · This implies that yirmiayhu didn’t believe what Hashem said beforehand.**
 * · The point of redeeming the field is showing that the land will come back and it is nechama**
 * · When he buys land it makes it seem like he is just doing it because t is cheap sp no one else will listen to him**
 * · __Radak__- he wouldn’t have bought it unless Hashem said. (chananel didn’t really come.)**
 * · __Abarbinel__- he wasn’t sure if it was a nivuah or a nothing dream so when chananel came he knew that it was a nivuah. It wasn’t doubt in Hashem it was doubt in his own nivuah**
 * · __Mahari krah__- he is buying it but people would think that he was just taking advantage. He didn’t want to do it because it would make him seem like a navi sheker so he didn’t want to do it. that is why it says he knew it. it says it to prove that he was doing it for Hashem and not himself.**
 * 9- he bought it for acertain amount **
 * 10-they wrote it ina adocument and had witnesses and made sure the weight were correct **
 * 11- they took the deed with all the signatures and **
 * 12- he gives it to his scribe and everyone is watching **
 * 13- command baruch to do it **
 * 14- they told him to put it in an earthenware jar to have it for later so it will last for a long time. **
 * 15- could mean two things **
 * · to build in bavel**
 * · or the rebuilding in Israel**


 * 4/12/11**
 * get notes fro beginning**


 * Yirmiyahu’s tefilah, typically he is not supposed to daven. **


 * He couldn’t daven before because they weren’t taking action but now it is on his behlaf or maybe he was never told not to so he is taking advantage fo the situation. **


 * 16- he only started after titi gave it to him. **
 * 17- he is prasing Hashem and saying that there is nothing He can’t do **
 * 18- more shevach (some of the 13 middot) **
 * 19- more praise **
 * 20- you have given yourself a great name (more shevach) **
 * 21- more shevach **
 * 22- more shevach (You fulfill whatever you say) **
 * 23- criticizing the people and saying that Hashem gave them a chance even though they were bad (so therefore it too is shevach). **
 * 24- the destruction is coming and they wil be handed over to the babylonaisn and what You said comes true. And He saw it (it shows that he can change anything) **
 * 25- and you told me to purchase this field. **


 * The tefilah is about himself **


 * 17 **
 * __Rashi –__ he isn’t denying what Hashem is trying to do and asking for compassion he is asking for clarity. He knows the end is coming. He is is trying to understand the purchase of the field **


 * __Radak__- he is praising Hashem and notices that he is a man of chesed so the purchase of the field must be a request of compassion. He is using the field for compassion and there is room for a possibility of good. **


 * 18 – hanorah is missing from the 13 middot **
 * __Rashi__- norah means awesome and the beit hamikdash was being desecrated so Hashem has no awesomness and that is why it is being left out. **


 * 26 Hashem spoke **
 * 27- Hashem says he is in charge and there is nothing he can’t do. **
 * This could be nichama or tochecha **


 * 28- end is the promise of geulahand that nothing is to hard for Hashem to do and He explains the purchase of the field. **


 * 39- condition of them returning: they will have one heart and one way to do things (He will take out the heart and give out a new better one). **


 * __Malbim__- Hashem is going to do a heart transplant and we will no longer want to cheat on Hashem with other gods. **


 * __Mitzudot__- they will no longer be on the fence. They will be able to choose between good and evil. **

Lamed Hay
 * 4/13/11 **


 * yonadav ben reicha melachim bet perek 9 or 10 read for test **


 * yonadav is a sponsor for a campaign of yehu. **


 * 1- time of yehoyakim **
 * 2- beit harichavim (a family) is being invited to a small chamber near the beit hamikdash and have a feast with them **
 * 3-4 yirmyau brings them **
 * 5- eh gives them wine **
 * 6- they said that they wouldn’t drink because their great grandafther was an ascetic. **
 * 7- (rules of the acetics) don’t build a house, don’t plant, don’t make a vineyard and you can’t have them they should live in tents. **
 * What was the point of living this way? **
 * Jews were probably very excessive and not careful about it **
 * 8- they are following his words **
 * 9- they new that they should fulfill it or they wouldn’t have decedents **
 * should they doubt Hashem? **
 * yes. Hashem wants them to say no to show that they can live by themselves and have a mesorah even though there are a lot of outside influences. **
 * 10- they follow what Hashem says **
 * 11- they are now living in the cities because nebuchadnezzar is there right now and they don’t want to get hurt. They also want to try and help everyone else and they shouldn’t be aloof wjen everyone else is in trouble. **
 * (12 à end is Hashem speaking) **
 * 13- Hashem tells Yirmiyahu to tell the people that they should learn from these people to be attached to their mesorah. **
 * 14- why didn’t you listen to me if these people are listening to their ancestors **
 * 17- everyone else is going to be exiled but they will remain **


 * what does remain mean? **
 * They won’t be exiled. **
 * Or maybe their name will be remembered **


 * __Mitzudat__- there are people that are descendents from yonadav and they will always be around. They will be on Sanhedrin and teachers and fear Hashem and have stature. **

LAMED ZAYIN
 * Starting the history of destruction **
 * Tzidkiyahu is king and he didn’t listen to Yirmiyahu that he should surrender to the yoke of bavel. The people tell yirmyahu to daven for them. Yirmiyahu is coming and going and is not locked up. tzidkiyahu pardoned him and he was a tzadik. Pharaoh has left mitzrayim while there was a siege of bavel. Yirmiyahu is telling him not to make a treaty with mitzrayim because they won’t follow through. If you do try to make a treaty bavel will attack harder and they won’t give up on attacking you. Even if you manage to wipe out the entire army the remnant will come back and attack you and burn the city. **


 * Start from 11 **


 * 5/2/11 **
 * 12- yirmiyau is seeing what is going on and he is captured. He was supposeed to be given over and he says that it is a lie and he wouldn’t be captured. Uriah refuses to listen and captures him and brings him to the officials. The offices are angry at him and lock him up. He ws in a pit. (tzidkiyahu seems to be a coward). Tzidikayhu goes to Yirmiyahu and asks if he has info. Yirmiyahu says that he will be given over to bavel (tzidkiyahu went to him privately). Yirmiyahu asks why he keeps on putting him in jail and why he dones’t go to the other prophets that he listened to before. He doesn’t want to be sent back to yonatan’s pit. Tzikiyahu says to keep him in prision at the cell that is attached to the palace and they give him bread until the famine plagues the royalty. He remains there and continues to prophecize by saying that anyone who is still there will die and whoever goes to exile will live. The officers say to tzidkiyahu that they have to kill him because they are destroying him morale. Tzidkiyau says that Yirmiyahu is in their hands he won’t enable him or stop him. they throw Yirmiyahu in a pit. Tzidkiyahu finds out and does nothing about it. he tells the officers to take Yirmiyahu out. They tell him he will be hidden and put him in the king’s prison. Tzidkiyahu asks Yirmiyahu again for something and he asks for tzidkiyahu not to kill him. Yirmiyahu says if ou willingly go into eile you will survivie and the city won’t be burned down and he and his family will live. If ythey don’t go out willingly they won’t escape and the city will be burned. Tzidkiyahu says he is worried about the Jews in bavel who will mock him (he is a coward and willing to bring all of jerusalem down with him so he doesn’t get mocked). Yirmyahu says this won’t happen. If he stays he will be tourtured and he wil not escape and the city will burn. Tzidkiayhu said don’t tell anyone this conversation and you won’t die. If anyone hears the conversation and asks about it he will say he was begging for his life. The officers come and Yirmiyahu lies like tzidkiyahu says. Yirmiyahu was in jail until yerushalayim was captured. When yerushalayim was captured nebuchadnezzar came and beseiged the city in tevet. The next year on the 9th of tamuz they began breaching the city. Tzidkiyahu runs away and was chased and he was captured and brought face to face with nebuchadnezzar. He slaughters tzidkiyahu’s children together with the chorim of yehuda (Rashi- Sanhedrin). They gauged out the eyes of tzikiyahu and tie him in chains and shlep him through the mud to baev. Yerushalayim was blinded and brought to bavel. The poor people were left in the land as farmers. Nebuchadnezzar commands his officer to capture Yirmiyahu and protect him and do what he says. Yirmiyahu remains in charge of gedaliya. (he goes on to say that he lives because he listens to Hashem. **
 * Mem- nevuzaradan says Hashem gave you the land and you didn’t listen and were bad and you were destroyed. If you want to come come and if not not. Yirmiyahu chooses to remain in yerushalayim with gedaliya. The people hear that gidaliya was in charge and they come to him and talk. Gedaliya sees that they are jealous and also want to rule but he says that they should live in peace together and settle wherever you want. **


 * 5/3/11 **
 * many Jews (also from 10 shvatim) returned and gathered whatever food there was. Ammon was trying to capture the land now that it is open. Yihoshua (who was hired by ammon) was going to warn gidaliyah. Yochana asked if he could kill yehoshua because they will be spread out. Gedaliya says not to kill him. gedaliya was killed but they didn’t know. Yishmael kills the people in the city.there were a few people left and they asked not to kill them because they had food so he stopped. He threw everyone in a pit after killign them. They capture yishmael an he ultimately gets killed. **
 * Mem bet pasuk bet **
 * People go to yirmiyhau and ask him to pray for them. They are now many and just a remnant. They ask for Hashem to tell them which way to walk in. Yirmiyahu begs on their behalf but he says he might not get nivuah because it is sad. They say we know it will be good for us if we follow Hashem. After 10 says Yirmiyahu got nivuah and he said if you stay here and settle hashem won’t kill them because He has remorse and bavel won’t attack them. **

Yichezkel
 * __Chagigah__- chanaya ben chizkiyahu is great because ehe tried to keep sefer yichezkel hidden because yichezkel contradicts halachot Moshe misinai. **


 * One example- 44:21 **
 * A kohen isn’t allowed to marry an amlanah (in vaykra it only says a kohen gadol). **
 * He also says zichut avot doesn’t exist. **


 * By starting to prophecize before the chorban he might be able to get more of a following by saying how things are going to happen. **
 * The people of bavel have many issues that yichezkel will have to deal with. **
 * Yichezkel’s style will be very unique because he is dealing with a unique set of issues. **


 * Perek aleph **
 * In the 30th year on the fourth month and the 5th day of the month I am in exile near the river and I saw a mareh elokim. (pasuk aleph is in first person which is weird and bet and on goes on to third person). **


 * 5/4/11 **
 * what is the 30th year **
 * 622- finding the sefer torah. **
 * The 30th year is a kohen’s tenure. He would have had it but now he is stating his nivuah at 30 isntead of avoda. **
 * __Rashi__- his words were closed and he didn’t tell us who he is. He deosn’t tell us the number that he’s counting back from. Pasukim bet and gimel are an interjection from Hashem explaining who he is. **


 * __Radak__- usually nivuah is only in Israel. When it is outside it has to be in a pure place next to water. The secodn nivuah can be outside of Israel but the inaugural one should be in Israel. When your father is the navi it is a continuation so it is allowed to get the first nivuah out of Israel. Yichezkel is the son of Yirmiyahu because Yirmiyahu was called buzi as well. **
 * · Yirmiyahu was told not to marry but maybe that was just a maashe simlie or for that time. Or maybe it wasn’t any more children. It doesn’t really make sense but it can be resolved.**


 * Yichezkel is going to try and mimick Moshe. (essay how are Moshe and yichezkel simialr). **
 * · Yichezkel is mute and doesn’t want to talk until 7th perek and moseh was mute also.**


 * ma sheraata shifcha al hayam lo raah ben buzi (it would seem that women’s prophecy was better than Yirmiyahu’s) **


 * yichezkel’s name isn’t mentioned and eh is called ben adam to show that they have to take things into their own hands. **

Perek mem
 * 25th year of galut (year 572) it is yom kippur. (he is 50 now and a kohen’s tenure ends at 50). It is 14 years after the city was hit. **

I **Hashem descibes the nation as rebellious and stubborn.**
 * 5/9/11 **
 * Malbim- the people didn’t want to listen to the complaints. **


 * II His mission seems to be just to speak to them, no matter what they do. Radak says they knew that he was a navi so the people listened to him. the Malbim says that he would say the words of Hashem and they are rebellious words. **


 * III **
 * 1. Yichezkel was told to eat a sefer and he did it. **
 * · malbim- only he was able to hear what Hashem said.**


 * 2. He actually ate it and even said it tasted good **
 * mitzudat david- the people were very bad people and rebellious. **


 * IV**
 * 1. malbim- he saw the maaseh mirkavah. Radak- he said it more than once.**


 * 2. He said that he was brought to Tel Aviv is what seems to be a chariot. This shows that maybe what he said was not 100% true because this seems very unlikely. **


 * V Yichezkel is also required to watch over the people and warn them to do right. By doing so and allowing them to do tishuva he is saving their lives.He was not only a navi but the leader of the people. It shows that if we have the chance to put someone back on track we should, and if we do not do that it is our fault if the person does bad. **


 * VI **
 * 1. He is commanded to go to his hosue and not talk and only do so when Hashem says so. It shows that he is a servant of Hashem and cannot get them to do tishuva. Yichezkel was alread y abad speaker so it just adds to it that he is one. **


 * 2. ????? **


 * VII**
 * 1. Yichezkel’s mission is to talk to the people and to individually help them get back on the derech. However, the people are bad and rebellious and he will not be able to help the entire people as a whole. This is very different from Yirmiyahu because Yirmiyahu at least had a chance for only good to happen wheile Yichezkel does not. The people have already reached a point of no return and everything will only be restored with building of the third Beit Hamikdash. He is catering to his audience who are not really believers. He also uses us as his audience because we are able to make up for thei mistakes and hopefully bring Moashiach.**

Perek aleph
 * · Compare his hakdasha to Yirmiyahu and yichezkels**
 * · Makel shaked**
 * · 7,26**
 * o what was accusation, preaching,**
 * · 25,29**
 * · coalition with tzidkiyahu and yehoyakim**
 * · story of gidaliya.**
 * · 24 books of tanach**
 * · timeline**
 * · bring hebrew only tanach**
 * · matching of themes (study old tests)**
 * · overall ideas on essays**
 * o like maashe similie what Rambam would say etc.**
 * o did Yirmiyahu fail in _?**


 * Peek aleph**
 * 4- there is a great storm coming from the north and a big cloud and there is a light surrounding it and there is lightning coming out of the fire.**
 * · Reminder of the mabul**
 * · 28- there was a rainbow and it is a vision of Hashem**
 * o mabul imagery**
 * o it teaches that a churban may happen but what comes after can be a better world.**
 * o Yichezkel sees Hashem traveling which shows that He is with Bnai Yisrael and He is going with them. They need to know that Hashem is with them and a navi is with them.**
 * 5- there were 4 animals and he sees composite creatures (part human part animal). **
 * 6- each creature has 4 faces and 4 wings **
 * · less wings because yiridat hadorot and they lost the ability for shirah**
 * 7- there legs were straight and like a calf **
 * 21- when the chariot moves the the wheels move and when it stays it stays. The wheels go to the side when it is lifted but the wheels are still turning by the wind of the chayot. **
 * He hears the voice of their wings like mighty water swhich is like war **
 * 26- above the firmament (rakiya) he sees a saphire stone and a throne and a silloutte of a person is the shape of a man in fire. **
 * 27- there is an electric vision **
 * · Rashi- we have no permission to delve into this.**


 * Yichezkel’s vision is clearer than yishyahu’s**


 * __Gemara chagigah__- rava says that evrything yichezkel saw, Yirmiyahu saw. What is yichezkel similar to “a ben kfar sheraah et hamalech” a villiage boy who saw the king. Yirmiyahu was a “ben krach” a city dweller. Yirmiyahu experienced it before. (it seems like yishamel is a better navi. Yishayahu saw more and more wings and was on a higher level. yichezkel wasn’t used to seeing Hashem that eh described the entourage instead of Hashem himself).**


 * 28- this is the image of Hashem and he feel on his face and heard a voice speaking**


 * perek bet**
 * the people are rebelling but beit meri means exchange. They do what they want. Yichezkel’s mission is to show that they aren’t alone.**
 * It is like what we do on yom kippur. We exhcnage during kaparot. He is sayng that they do what they want and not what Hashem wants.**
 * He says the words bena adam and beit meri a lot.**
 * Hi pro-churban mission is to let the people know that there is a navi**


 * 5/17/11**
 * his presence will mean that he succeeds. He is like a mother holding her child for comfort.**
 * In pasuk 4 Hashem neevr tells yichezkel what to say because it doesn’t matter as long as he’s there.**


 * When he eats the scroll it is a maaseh simlie to show that he puts the words in his mouth. It is a mircocosm of the people. He says it tastes good and like honey because the medicien works the people have to accept it and go to galut. They can’t start the rehab process until they recognize the medicine working.**
 * He recognized that galut is a nichama. Hashem could have destroyed all the people but he just destroyed yerushalayim.**


 * He went to the river which is ike the maaseh mirkavah because he is being transported with the people and there is a shor. Hashem is also oving away from the people. hashem tells him he has no voice.**


 * Kadosh kadosh kadosh which show shashe’s glory is everywhere is the opposite of baruch kivod because Hashem can only rule form his place**


 * As the sopheh, scout, he can see what is going on but he can’t do anything about it.**


 * abarbinel- hoshea is a navi and not different from anyone else and when he marries a prostitute it isn’t so bad.**


 * Perek daled**
 * Take a piece of cement and place it in front of you and carve a picture of yerushalayim. Build a seige around the brick and make a ramp and a catapult. Build army encampments around the city and make things where the soldiers can be protected. Take a iron pan and put it between him and the city so he can see what is going on but can’t do anything. Hashem is embodying Hashem, who is practicing hester panim. However, Hashem can’t get hurt either. He will use it as a sign for Bnai Yisrael.**
 * Sit on your left side and bear the sin of Bnai Yisrael for the amount of years that they sinned do it in days. He has to lie for 390 days. Now lie on your right side and bear the iniquity for 40 days. And the brick of yeushalayim should be in front of you and outstretch your arm over it and prophecize. Hashem will tie him in ropes so he can’t turn over. (he is unconfortable so too Hashem is).**
 * Take wheat, barley, lentil, ground spelt and mix it and make it into bread. You can eat 20 shkalim (less than 7 oz) and drink water (1.5 quarts). In the bread will be human feces and enjoy it and show that you are easting it.**


 * 390 years are from the pilug until the chorban (malchut Yisrael) **


 * Seder olam- only sinful years some in malachim and some in shoftim.**


 * 40 years are conbination of worst kings.**


 * 5/18/11**
 * when he makes the brick he is god with hester panim.**
 * When he is lying on his left side he is Hashem, burying the desecration of Bnai Yisrael.**
 * When he lies on his right he is Hashem bearing yehuda’s inquity**
 * The bread is Bnai Yisrael and yehuda**
 * (he is both the people and Hashem and that is why he has no voice, because he switches back and forth.)**


 * 13- when Bnai Yisrael eat their bread they are also tamei**
 * · he is like the people who have to consume their avone.**


 * 14- whoah, my soul isn’t tamei and I never ate anything non-kosher. I never even touched pigul. **
 * · This will be a difficult mission**
 * · If we follow the Rambam it would be difficult because is it is fake why would he complain**
 * 15- Hashem say he will give him cattle dung instead of human dung. **
 * · When he finally has a voice it does effect change**
 * 16-they will ration their food until it is finished **
 * 17- ultimately they will lack even in water and bread **


 * perek tet **
 * 9- Yisrael and yehuda’s sis are terribel and they are corrupting justice and murdering each other and they say that Hashem has left the ladn and no one can punish them. **
 * · He is talking to the people of golah about Yisrael so its kind of useless.**
 * Perek chuf tet in Yirmiyahu is the same time **

Perek chuf daled** 1- 588 on asarah bitevet. 17- Hashem says he is taking away the most pleasing thing he has and he can’t eulogize or cry (this is usually a mitzvah for kohanim who can’t mourn). 18-20- don’t act like youre mourning 21- Hashem says he is destroying what is his greatest possesion wants and he can’t mourn it. 26- a refugee will come from yerushalayim telling him that it is beseiged.

His wife dies and he can’t do anything about it. he is taking on sething that usually only a kohen gadol can do.

Perek yud aleph 17- shivat tzion will happen 18- the idols will be removed 19- they will have one heart and a new spirit and Hashem will force it upon them. They will have a new heart 20- this is being doen because their heart is so bad and Hashem is doing it for His name

· yichezkel is saying tah Bnai Yisrael is always bad and their rotten core has to be replaced. · Yichezkel is depicting Hashem’s anguish of the chorban while eicha is about the people’s anguish.

according to Yirmiyahu shivat tzion is a gauruntee but not the exact time. -

**Post all notes and/or test reviews for Navi here: **
I'm missing a lot of notes so please don't only use this but people asked so here it is.

The difference between assyrians and babylonian exile is the assyrians do it to stop rebellion and mix it up and babylonains wanted to make a really good society

597 • galut niarim (daniel Chamal) • galut cheresh omazkir (yichezkel and mordechai) we would think that yichezkel was appointed by Hashem for the Jews of bavel but he is really for the Jews that would go there. They would have trusted him because he recorded information when it was going on and the only way it would happen is if Hashem gave him the knowledge. Therefor ethey would trust him.

586- chorban habayiit galut yehuda appont gidaliyah and a pecha last nivuah of yichezkel

Get notes from beginning of anatot trial 1/10/11 1/11/11

11:18-23 Yirmiyahu seems to be out of line in the way he speaks to Hashem The people of anatot were most angry at Yirmiyahu because of who they were. Yirmiyahu talked about the destruction of shiloh and during that destruction the kihuna was transferred out of elazar’s house (the people from anatot) to thers so this would rub it in there face by saying that shiloh was destroyed. They think that they should be protected by Yirmiyahu but he was against them.

Rashi- Yirmiyahu saw the end of the people of anatot (their punishment. Hashem wants to make him feel better because they were against him and they would be punished) and he was pained because they were his family and he didn’t want to fail.

19-He seems to be a lamb led to slaughter and I didn’t think that they would kill me and they will poison him and kill him and his name will not be remembered

who is leading? Rashi- the people are leading him Mitzudat david- Hashem is leading him

Malbim- his name won’t be remembered because they wouldn’t know about his death. The naviim killed by sword would be remembered as a martyr but the poison would take says to work so it would just seem as though he died naturally.

Yirmiyahu is wondering why Hashem told him because he now has to live with the fact that his family wanted to kill him.

20- because Hashem knows the situation that he would be killed Hashem said that He will show Yirmiyahu His punishment. Yirmiyahu only showed his angst to Hashem (he showed Hashem that he was sad so Hashem tried to make him feel happy. However he is still happy that he has Hashem because now he doesn’t even have his family to turn to.

Get notes from 2/7/11 2/8/11

2/9/11 perek tet zayin kfi tihiyeh-

mitzudot radak malbim- if he succeeds in getting the people to do tishuva he will find something good out of the whole bad and he will be able to perform things even like miracles. It is a conditional nivuah. mahari kra- I will take what you say as divine. He wont let them go into exile. He is making Yirmiyahu his partner.

20- this pasuk is like perek aleph.

2/14/11 get notes from beginning

tikbvolet nirdefet chaseirah

tet zayin 1-3 ther us no future for children so don’t have any wives

9- Hashem said he couldn’t get married • Hashem wanted the people to see that even he is being seriosu about it. like noach with building the teivah • He is making a abig statement by not marrying • We don’t know if this is an actual command or just advice to follow

No nivuah bc tamei Cleaning it would make it better just as cleaning the Jews would

Perek yud gimel Maaseh simle (symbolic act) is what we are going to learn symbolic or real

Radak followed the Rambam (he will probably think that it is symbolic)

1

1-7- mashal 8-11- nimshal because it is a mashal nimshal does it make it an allegory and therefore not realistic.

1- he buys a belt what does it mean that he bought? In az yashir we see that Hashem says he baoght us which Rashi says means new and unused.

2/15/11

The two commandments were that he had to buy a belt and not get it wet. It seems like it represents things but it was written autobiographically.

It is showing the that symbol of national pride will be lost. The linen is that it is bigdei kinuna because we are a mamlechet kohanim.

Linen wrinkles and gets dirty quickly. But Yirmiyahu isn’t allowed to get it wet or clean it. When he got the belt it was tamim but they quickly became impure. He can never part from it and therefore never clean it.

Bnai Yisrael are the eizor and Yirmiyahu is Hashem. Hashem was showing that he didn’t have the chance to discipline us because he was always wearing us. but by the time we are really dirty and bad it can’t be washed. It says many times where the belt was worn to show the devekut and closeness of Hashem to Bnai ysirael.

Is it real and does he do the maaseh Radak “ko amar Hashem”- it really happened as Hashem said it. Rambam said that it is like a dream and he doesn’t know why he can’t get it wet. If he is trying to say not to wash it after he wore it and it got dirty; then why didn’t it say don’t wash it? it says to go to prat and not nahar prat so why does he have to go there? Because it is the border of Israel. And it says that when they are exiled they lose their pride once the hit the prat.

2/16/11 get notes from the beginning

nchal prat in Israel makes more sense geoologically than geographically.

Ppl began to align with egyptains and Jews moved. Yirmiyahu called Jews back to yehuda and not to desert them.they fleed to escape from nebuchadnesar but he also captured egypt and exiled them as well. The belt going to nahar prat proves that all the people will get exiled to bavel.

Yirmiyahu currently represents what Bnai Yisrael will go through in the future.

3 stages of the mashal 1) wear loincloth- • Hashem bought us and wore us andwere close 2) bury it • Hashem recognized we no loner give her any glory and Hashem shirks it off of him 3) dig it up • bringing it before Hashem and it says we are brining shame to Hashem he is trying to shame them and he can’t wash it. if they feel shame they might want to fix it and do tishuva.

Perek chuf 1-3 Paschur, a kohen, and has a high position in the beit hamikdash. He hears Yirmiyahu prophesying and he flogs him and puts him in jail. A day later paschur releases him and Yirmiyahu gives him a new name and calls him magor misaviv. Paschur means tranquility surrounds you and magor misaviv means terror surrounds you.

12- very similar to what we saw before

13- seems like a mini tefilah that praises Hashem for taking him out of jail. He refers to himself as a peasant and says he was saved from evil doers

14- he cuses the day he was born (he was said to be born on tisha baava and conceived when minashe killed many nivei Hashem)

15- cursed be the person that brought news that his dad will have a baby and he should be happy

radak- even though he was cursing because ehe was bitter in his soul, why would he curse out the man who told his father. Maybe the mivaser was a good man and Hashem will punish Yirmiyahu later fo rcursing him. paschur is the messenger.

Daat mikra- he was just cursing out the mivaser and it isn’t pashchur.

16- the man should be like sdom and emorah. Morning and noon he should hear terrible screaming.

he could be comparing that once sarah was told about a child being born there was a destruction in sdom and emorah and the mivaser told his fateh rabotu him being born and then there was destruction in Israel at his time or he was trhown into jail (mahapechet).

17-

18- why was he born to see destruction.

Get notes from write on 2/28/11 Har chamish was on the euphraties

609 yoshiyahu is dead

they went to the big prat which showed that their ptributaries were going somehwere

yohoyakim says that eh wants to be a superpower and not pay money. Yirmiayhu tells him that if he pays he would remain a vassel of babylon but if he didn’t tehn they would be exiled to bavel.

Perek chuf gimel pasuk chuf tet- aren’t my words like fire (rhetorical question) and my words are like a hammer that smashes the rock

depending on hwo the rock is hit it will break differently

tikbolet nirdefe (hammer and rock)

metaphor(Hashem is hammer) /imagery (eements in natue (earth=stone and fire)

dvari and nium Hashem – it is about the heaviness of Hashem

daat sofrim- there are two types of hammers one that puts things toegtehr another that breaks things apart.

Here it is referring to the breaking of objects. It is saying that each word of Hashem can be interpreted in many ways (the rock breaking into many people) the hammer doesn’t matter but the stone does so the people would matter and they determine the meaning of the words. Fire destroys an object. The speed that something burns depends on the combustibility of the object. It represents the more that they are a receptacle of the fire it can change to something positive. The power of torah is so strong that it can subdue or take control of the stone.

You can be a receptacle or disseminator.

You have to put out the fire.

Fire isn’t mikabel tumah.

perek chuf hay

1-7 warning 8-31 consequence 32-end future.

3/1/11 division based on metaphors 1-14 destruction of Bnai Yisrael but also the destruction of them so it is nechama and tochecha.

15-19 cup of angry wine • 4 cups in pesach are hetzeti hitzalti galti lakachti all of which were used in the perek 20-end shepherds and lion

why are the arba lishonot giulah in this perek

1) maybe it is tochecha and nechama 2) the words that would come and save us are not going to hurt us because we are so bad

1- the year is 605 2- years 3- years and they aren’t listening 4- niviim are broken records 5- last chance 6- don’t follow other gods 7- you didn’t listen

1-7 they haven’t been listening since the beginning of his nivuah.

9-Hashem speaking 9- exile of bavel (lakachti is used here) they will succeed because they are Hashem’s messengers 10- there won’t be any weddings and you woudln’t hear grinding stones; no one will be working that’s hwo bad it is if you want to survive be subservient and don’t rebel (yoshiyhah didn’t follow this)
 * 11- (important pasuk) the land will be a destruction and the entire world will be subservient for 70 years (there is nechama)

at the end of 70 years they come back.
 * divrei hayamim bet 34:21

12- (pakod another giulah word used differently) after 70 years bavel will fall

Yirmiyahu is putting a religious spin on something that is political.

None of Yirmiyahu’s contemporaries believe that the rise and fall of bavel is religious. People at this time think that bavel is paying Yirmiyahu to prophecy this.

13- bavel would be paid back for doing bad to Bnai Yisrael 14- take this wine of fury and nivuah for other nations

geographical chiasm- he says he will hurt people in an X format and the middle is the most important. Here too Bnai Yisrael will be in the X and hurt by it.

3/2/11 Chuf hay is about the 70 years and not necessarily that they will comeback in 70 years but that bavel will fall after 70 years.

This seems unfair that bavel falls because of us.

We raise the glass of fury saying that all of the other nations will fall. 27- none of the empires will be able to come back.

28- when they refuse to take the cup it will still be imposed upon them

30- Hashem’s lion is roaring and the shepherds will start screaming and then herd will run around like cray.

38- just like a cub flees from his tent because his land has become desolate because of the anger of the dove. • Dove is peace and honesty and it represents Hashem

It seems as though all of the animals are the opposite of what they usually do and it is against nature.

11-12 = fulfillment of the 70 years

radak- nebuchadnezzar rules for 45 years, avel mirodach rules 36 years into the exile of yohoyakim (which is 23 years) (597?? BCE) and balthazaar rules for 3 years. • He is focusing on the Kimilot 70 shana. So its like 70 years finished

miztuat david- he agrees with radak and bavel will be punished because they swim

malbim- agrees with mitzudat david and says that bavel was punished for destroying Bnai Yisrael and also all of the other nations

sheet brit bein habitarim the rise and fall of mitzrayim is due to us.

(we built mitzrayim up with the pyramids and yitziat mitzrayim cut it down the same happened with romans when we built the coliseum and it too fell).